The weather monitoring system uses Raspberry Pi hardware, camera and some assorted analogue and digital sensors to make measurements.
A feature of the design is that the anemometers or rain gauges are made from scratch.
The Raspberry Pi B+ in-built camera takes a picture once a minute which can then be used to make time-lapse images.
Data is displayed on webpages to show current conditions and some historical (last hour, day, 7 days, month, year).
Data is recorded in RRD and CSV formats and can be manipulated or exported/imported to other formats.
The design also uses a Weather Underground API to get historic data of highs and lows, moon phases, and sunrise/sunset.
All of the software for record and displaying the information is in a Github,
The design incorporates nine reed switches (eight for the wind direction, one for the rain gauge). There is also a Hall sensor to measure the wind speed, a home-made anemometer.
There are humidity and pressure sensors and four magnets make up the anemometer, direction and rain gauges.
The analogue-to-digital converter is a MCP3008. A GPS circuit can be designed in or added as a USB dongle. The GPS provides latitude and longitude and accurate time.
Other materials include thrust bearings, waterproof enclosures and a plastic Christmas Tree ornament used for the anemometer.
Ethernet/cat 5 jacks are used to connect the base board to the other sensor modules.
Kevin Kingsbury writes:
You can use the hall sensor or switch to a reed sensor as well. The hall sensor is more of an analog sensor so if you are using it in a digital way, like a button press, you need to make sure the reading/voltage is high enough that it acts like a true button press, rather than not enough.
Size of the cup is crucial, so is the length of the stick! Originally I used ping pong balls and they were way too small. I also put them on long sticks which didn’t work either. I got very frustrated and then came across that instructable, Ptorelli did a great job explaining and it helped me out when my original design didn’t work as well.
Software is written in Python to record the data from the sensors. The design uses 3rd party Git libraries from Adafruit and others to get the information from the sensors and GPS.
The web software is in PHP to display it on the webpage while also utilizing YAML for the config files and of course the RRD tool to store and graph the data.
It makes use of the Weather Underground API to get some of the interesting data that sensors can’t pull, such as record highs and lows, phase of the moon, sunset and sunrise times, there’s also tides available on their API.
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